Psilocybe cubensis, commonly known as the “Golden Teacher” among other names, is a species of psychedelic mushroom renowned for its distinctive appearance and profound psychoactive effects. This mushroom typically features a convex cap that can reach diameters of 1.5 to 8 centimeters, often displaying a light to golden brown coloration. As it matures, the cap flattens out and sometimes develops a slight central bump or nipple-like protrusion.

The surface of the cap is smooth when young, becoming more fibrous or slightly wrinkled with age, especially towards the edges. Underneath the cap, the gills are closely spaced and initially whitish, gradually turning purple-brown or dark gray as the mushroom matures. The stem of Psilocybe cubensis is cylindrical and firm, often lighter in color than the cap, with a veil that may leave remnants as a delicate ring near the top or as fragments on the stem.

Psilocybe cubensis is commonly found in subtropical and tropical climates, favoring humid environments where it grows on decaying organic matter such as dung, composted materials, or enriched soils. It is widely distributed across various regions worldwide, often appearing in grasslands, pastures, and forest edges after periods of rain.

Culturally and spiritually significant to many indigenous cultures, Psilocybe cubensis contains psychoactive compounds such as psilocybin and psilocin. These chemicals induce profound changes in perception, mood, and cognition when ingested, leading to visual and auditory hallucinations, altered sense of time, and enhanced introspection. Due to its psychoactive properties, Psilocybe cubensis is handled with caution and is subject to legal restrictions in many parts of the world.